On the options menu, click "Resource Packs. I would be getting upwards of 80+ FPS with a couple hundred mods, including extremely taxing worldgen mods. 16. These are paths that contain "Non (lower cased) a-z, 0-9, dots, underscores and dashes" characters within either the file name or its parent directories. With over 800 million mods downloaded every month and over 11 million active monthly users, we are a growing community of avid gamers, always on the hunt for the next thing in user-generated content. 18. ago. 10. Choose and download the latest version. CurseForge is one of the biggest mod repositories in the world, serving communities like Minecraft, WoW, The Sims 4, and more. 19. I personally use an i5 3320m with the iGPU (intel hd 4000). jpm. Does Sodium increase FPS in Minecraft? This is where Sodium mod comes into play. In addition, there are more mods that provide optifine functionality. Rubidium or Embeddium. Run Minecraft. Unfortunately, Optifine is outdated for the latest version of 1. For example, adding it to just about any 1. Since the other performance mods are open source, they have little to no compatibility issues. It works on both the client and server, and can be installed on servers without requiring clients to also have the mod. jar (or whatever version it is) into mods within . An unofficial community for Fabric, the Minecraft: Java Edition mod loader. or if there are mods that is compatible with optifine that will further. Want to play Minecraft with shaders with. 2, to get Shaderpacks running, you can install the Oclulus mod which is an open source shaders and performance mod that is compatible with Optifine shader packs. 在以前，Optifine（高清修复）一度是优化和光影的代名词，但到了高版本，Optifine变得越来越具有侵入性，而且还不开源（也开不了源），这就导致了高版本Optifine（高清修复）的BUG越来越多，而且与其他模组的兼容性也越来越差（Optifine+Optifabric更是灾难中的灾难）。OptiFine was one of the best mods, if not the best mod, in Minecraft versions 1. ago. For example, the original commenter said sodium + iris was better for performance, but for me optifine is better. **The best max and med fps. Rubidium is an Unofficial Fork of CaffeineMC's "Sodium", made to work with Forge Mod Loader. You also should consider switching to MultiMC if you haven't already as it is lighter than the twitch launcher and open source. The subreddit for all things related to Modded Minecraft for Minecraft Java Edition --- This subreddit was originally created for discussion around the FTB launcher and its modpacks but has since grown to encompass all aspects of modding the Java edition of Minecraft. Mod is not and never will be compatible with Optifine. Rubidium Options Mod (1. 2 install, and Monitors have a glitch where I can see through the map instead of viewing their contents. Instead of Optifine : r/allthemods. 2+. Also worth noting that OptiFine natively doesn't support Fabric and it's hard to maintain OptiFabric. ago. CurseForge is one of the biggest mod repositories in the world, serving communities like Minecraft, WoW, The Sims 4, and more. 18. Magnesium is a free and open-source rendering engine replacement for the Minecraft client that greatly improves frame rates, reduces micro-stutter, and fixes graphical issues in Minecraft. Open Loader is nice for improving load times. I've heard that Starlight is better than Radon but yeah they all go nicely together. Mod is not and never will be compatible with Optifine! Want to play with Shaders? Try Oculus! Features. Easy and quick to do. 6. Although i had removed Magnesium extra and Rubidium mods before adding Optifine from the folder, the launcher still crashed Currently Supported: 1. #1. 8. However, OptiFine in 1. However optifine still had the advantage with shader support but here's where the new mod comes into play. Distant Horizons is a mod that implements LODs into minecraft. 16. With over 800 million mods downloaded every month and over 11 million active monthly users, we are a growing community of avid gamers, always on the hunt for the next thing in user-generated content. . A modern OpenGL rendering pipeline for chunk rendering that takes advantage of multi-draw techniques, allowing for a significant reduction in CPU overhead (~90%) when rendering the world. Animated Fox Guis. . NoSuchFieldError: f_157463_ at com. Optifine doesn't work with create. If i take out oculus, it works. It's a fork of Rubidium with less bugs, better mod compatibility, and it supports shaders via Oculus as well. This is due to the fact that OptiFine is closed-source and changes many parts of Minecraft's code, which may be required by some mods. Rubidium contains all the features of the classic Sodium. With over 800 million mods downloaded every month and over 11 million active monthly users, we are a growing community of avid gamers, always on the hunt for the next thing in user-generated content. Posted April 21, 2022. 16+) OptiFine tends to break mods left right and center. It works on both the client and server, and can be installed on servers without requiring clients to also have the mod. And unlike Magnesium, it's actively maintained. If your poor potato can barely run vanilla, then OptiFine might be better for it. . A modern OpenGL rendering pipeline for chunk rendering that takes advantage of multi-draw techniques, allowing for a significant reduction in CPU overhead (~90%) when rendering the world. Minecraft Version. Thanks a lot, I have removed Magnesium and it looks, it works fine. btw thanks for the recommendation, I managed to get from 75-80 (with lagspike) using optifine to 166-190 fps. Remove the Fog toggle setting as it cannot work well and is duplicate with Embeddium Extension mod's setting (which works well) Remove its tweak on Rubidium/Embeddium's MultidrawChunkRenderBackend (It's valid in Rubidium/Embeddium's old versions but goes wrong in new versions), to fix the chunk. Not to mention, no shaders. Im not sure how exactly, but it definitely depends on hardware, plus other factors like mods. 16. Rubidium + a bunch of other render optimization mods that are not compatible with Optifine gives me 60 fps. btw thanks for the recommendation, I managed to get from 75-80 (with lagspike) using optifine to 166-190 fps. English / 简体中文. If you do a comparison, actually do a comparison, from the same. Connected Block Textures - An implementation of the MCPatcher/Optifine connected textures format on the Fabric modloader. If a bottom grass block is cardinally adjacent (down one block, and 1 block forward north, east, south, or west) , to a top block, the top-face grass block texture will replace the side texture of the. Okay, now let's get into it. Peanut_Butter002. License & Code Usage. You may want to report the bug on the mod's issue page. The subreddit for all things related to Modded Minecraft for Minecraft Java Edition --- This subreddit was originally created for discussion around the FTB launcher and its modpacks but has since grown to encompass all aspects of modding the Java edition of Minecraft. jem) contain a list of entity part models, which may be loaded inline or from a file . In some cases it can also increase performance considerably, although this will vary depending on your hardware. OptiFine Which OptiFine edition should I get? OptiFine Ultra is the most popular edition. For some reason I started wondering about and found this ideas Potentially any mod because Optifine is a closed source, highly invasive, non-Forge mod which hacks the entire rendering system that almost all mods use, and Optifine could break anything with any update. WHAT IS THIS? Rubidium Toolkit is a Magnesium/Rubidium Extras fork, this mod is used to make up for the missing features of Rubidium Extra. Instead we recommend the following; Rubidium replaces Optifine Rubidium Extras gives you Zoom + extra features ~~Oculus will allow shaders. Rubidium Extra 『Rubidium Extra』は Forge対応版 の 非公式のSodium Extra からフォークしたMODです。 導入には『Rubidium』、『TexTrue’s Rubidium Options』の2つが必要になります。 各設定の詳しい解説についてはこちらの記事を参考にしてください。I'm using an amd card and an amd CPU as well, and so far I've gotten much better performance with Magnesium. 5). 19. Sodium/Rubidium is 50 fps for me on 1. And dont bother trying to use the other mods people tend to recommend along with those two, as all of them seem to crash with valhelsia 3. Optifine is banned for 1. 4 KB. When having Opfifine installed my laptop can run between 130 to 150 fps when capped at 150 (doesnt go mich higher, when increasing the limit). This can make a huge difference to frame rates for most computers that are not bottle-necked by the. OptiFine isn't the only way to use shaders. If you're not picky, Bedrock edition is free to. Distant Horizons is a mod that implements LODs into minecraft. This is due to the fact that OptiFine is closed-source and changes many parts of Minecraft's code, which may be required by some mods. Right, such as LogicalZoom and certain Resourcepacks that have integrated (and pretty basic) shaders. The best OptiFine alternative is Fabulously Optimized, which is both free and Open Source. Makes it easier to run minecraft and more than 1 application other than the browser to run in the background. Please contact the moderators of this subreddit if you have any questions or concerns. Embeddium is an unofficial fork of Sodium based off Rubidium, with additional changes and bugfixes to integrate it with the Forge modding ecosystem. • 2 yr. '_extras' VS '-extra')Modded Minecraft. Is this normal? I remember the FPS being decently better than this with oculus and rubidium. Forge. Iris has additional shader optimizations that may make it way better with some shaders. Optifine is a bit hit or miss, and doesn't really improve FPS by a lot, but Rubidium is on a whole other level. after that Minecraft still loaded most of the mobs incorrectly, so i vent to back to curseforge and in the description it actually has a really cool list of which mobs are supported, so i removed every . Rubidium is also available on 1. 88. So I tried /flywheel backend off, and it's worked in the console (there was a response that is disabled successfully). 16. On the main menu, click "Options". An example of this is the create mod: when shaders are used with oculus the contraption. So i have a problem with Minecraft i have froge 1. I'm playing in a custom 1. Rubidium is an Unofficial Fork of CaffeineMC's "Sodium", made to work with Forge Mod Loader. Rubidium + a bunch of other render optimization mods that are not compatible with Optifine gives me 60 fps. Sodium/Rubidium is 50 fps for me on 1. I am not super well versed on computers or anything outside of Vanilla Minecraft, so when looking to find. With over 800 million mods downloaded every month and over 11 million active monthly users, we are a growing community of avid gamers, always on the hunt for the next thing in user-generated content. Version. I can open the game, but when I load in to a world the game crashes when it shows the screen which says "joining. Custom inventory GUIs on Fabric&Quilt with OptiFine resource pack support&many more features - Download the Minecraft Mod OptiGUI by. A well-organized. This mod doesn't technically require Magnesium to run, and should work fine without it, but it's marked as a dependency on Curse because there's no point running it without it--. With over 800 million mods downloaded every month and over 11 million active monthly users, we are a growing community of avid gamers, always on the hunt for the next thing in user-generated content. A modern OpenGL rendering pipeline for chunk rendering that takes advantage of multi-draw techniques, allowing for. CurseForge is one of the biggest mod repositories in the world, serving communities like Minecraft, WoW, The Sims 4, and more. ". In the modern Minecraft era, with Fabric's community effort, modders have begun to create alternatives for most of OptiFine's features to allow players to maintain better performance, better mod compatibility, and better support. Rubidium contains all the features of the classic Sodium. 16 and 1. Magnesium Extras adds a lot of features to Magnesium or Rubidium (Forge Sodium) to improve the mod. Rubidium Toolkit. This mod has the same functionality as Reese's Sodium Options, but is for Rubidium (Magnesium may. 5x performance. 2keanon7. But I've seen a video from AsianHalfSquat on youtube, talking about the sodium mod, that would give him INSANE FPS compared to optifine : a truly better optimisation mod. OptiFine Home Downloads Donate Cape Banners Login FAQ: OptiFine is a Minecraft optimization mod. 3. It includes several features from other mods, packaged into one add-on that you'll want to install for the best experience. • 3 yr. Put this mod in your mods folder. The official OptiFine description is on the Minecraft Forums. Disclaimer. Biome blending is already a configurable setting in Vanilla Minecraft, but Better Biome. Using Replay Mod through Sinytra Connector produces videos with GUI overlay. Be aware of the statements above before using it. • 1 yr. Mod is not and never will be compatible with Optifine! Want to play with Shaders? Try Oculus! Features. To install in Prism Launcher, create an instance with the Forge loader, and then go to the. ~~. Your best bet is to simply create two profiles and test them both. Question. In this video we take a look at OptiFine vs Iris Shaders (Iris & Sodium) and perform a Iris & Sodium VS OptiFine FPS test with Shaders on Minecraft Java edit. Rubidium contains all the features of the classic Sodium. Optifine is pretty limited nowadays, my advice is to download the Fabric installer to install Fabric and then you should donwload and put in the mods folder: Lithium, Phosphor, Sodium (all 3 by CaffeineMC) and Ferritecore and. Oculus has minor invisible texture issues, mostly with Immersive Engineering. Are there any alternatives I could use? I'm obviously playing forge, which means Iris isn't an option either. 2. 5-1. Placebo is required for FastWorkbench, FastFurnace and FastSuite; and I didn't list Helium as it's currently very buggy because it's new. minecraft (or whatever your directory is). 18. 5 (same for Oculus). However, OptiFine in 1. jar in the mods folder, while having forge installed, launch the game under the "forge" profile and optifine will be there. A dynamic lighting mod that works with Forge Sodium (Magnesium or Rubidium)The subreddit for all things related to Modded Minecraft for Minecraft Java Edition --- This subreddit was originally created for discussion around the FTB launcher and its modpacks but has since grown to encompass all aspects of modding the Java edition of Minecraft. g connected textures, better texture packs, shaders, antialiasing, anisotropic filtering, forge etc. zip file you downloaded in the first step to the newly opened "resourcepacks" folder. We see FPS comparis. Rubidium or Embeddium. 5-1. Do not report issues encountered with it to their bug tracker or in their Discord. CurseForge is one of the biggest mod repositories in the world, serving communities like Minecraft, WoW, The Sims 4, and more. In terms of performance, Sodium & co. Complementary Shaders comes with two distinct visual style options. Testing Minecraft Forge Rubidium Oculus Complementary shaders ultra settings 1. Yet, the optimizations for these features are rather lacking, thus causing a disturbance in the. 18. Rubidium is an Unofficial Fork of CaffeineMC's "Sodium", made to work with Forge Mod Loader. Both Sodium and OptiFine are both massive mods that aim to improve Minecraft by increasing your game's performance Since Sodium launched in 2020, most peopl. OptiFine. If you were on 1. Also, to answer KilleDragon, Optifine alters 1. 19. Other great apps like OptiFine are Sodium, VanillaFix, Iris Mod and BetterFps. rubidium does not work with. There, search for Rubidium, click on it, click Select mod for download, and then press OK. x (LTS) Please read the rules and FAQ before starting a new topic Rubidium contains all the features of the classic Sodium. Oculus and Rubidium worse than optifine. 16. A scary shark ( source ). Rubidium # Rubidium is a Sodium port for Forge. OptiFine - Minecraft performance tuning and advanced graphics Members Online. after that Minecraft still loaded most of the mobs incorrectly, so i vent to back to curseforge and in the description it actually has a really cool list of which mobs are supported, so i removed every . I've lost track of the amount of hours I have poured into this. jem file in the texture pack that are not supported in and i loaded it and everything worked fine! i also removed some of the texture files. I cant use OptiFine because it's not compatible with Magnesium or Rubidium, wich are essentially Sodium, but in forge, and I use Rubidium because it's up to date and Magnesium isn't. Same goes for most other 1. 9. ago. 19 as it enhances the game's overall graphical performance. Random entities applied to a Piglin. 2. You can add it as an improvement to the in-game framerate at the cost of a much longer startup time. CurseForge is one of the biggest mod repositories in the world, serving communities like Minecraft, WoW, The Sims 4, and more. FastSuite (or any combination of the fast mods by tfarecnim) provide a slight increase to workstations. Rubidium contains all the features of the classic Sodium. Try Rubidium and. CurseForge is one of the biggest mod repositories in the world, serving communities like Minecraft, WoW, The Sims 4, and more. 18. OptiFineRubidium contains all the features of the classic Sodium. This can make a huge difference to frame rates for most computers that are not bottle-necked by the. Try Magnesium and Magnesium/Rubidium extras, they perform better than optifine for most people. Sodium definitely if you use Vanilla or Fabric. There, search for Rubidium, click on it, click Select mod for download, and then press OK. It allows Minecraft to run faster and look better with full support for HD textures and many configuration options. Minecraft in itself is an impeccable game that has good physics, AI, World Generation, and Chunk Loading,…. 2 Fabric VS Forge FPS comparison for vs OptiFine and OptiFabric vs Sodium and Iris Shaders 1. x (LTS) Please read the rules and FAQ before starting a new topicRubidium contains all the features of the classic Sodium. For example, the original commenter said sodium + iris was better for performance, but for me optifine is better. Embeddium is not supported. but. Smooth Boot -. Rubidium, Krypton. This is a list of all OptiFine's features, that are currently in the newest versions of OptiFine (in OptiFine 1. Use Rubidium Extra for zoom functionality. Rubidium Mod (1. Is there anyway to use Optifine connected textures with Magnesium/Rubidium ? I'm using rubidium because I wanted the performance improvements of sodium and love a few Forge mods (so couldn't use Fabric). ago. A bunch of people asked for an alternative version of Pipez - Recreated - there it is!CurseForge is one of the biggest mod repositories in the world, serving communities like Minecraft, WoW, The Sims 4, and more. Tutorials/Improving frame rate. This mod aims to optimise many areas of the game in order to provide better overall performance for both Minecraft clients and servers, while not. Continuity - A Fabric mod that allows for efficient connected textures. Different underlying reason - enhanced vanilla is a fabric pack that already includes multiple optimization mods and shaders by default. ago. Growth - month over month growth in stars. Custom Entity Models (CEM) can completely change how an entity appears, animates, and moves. FreeSync Premium - This does reduce FPS but offers adaptive synchronization to eliminate visual tearing and more. Lithium is a general-purpose optimization mod for Minecraft which works to improve a number of systems (game physics, mob AI, block ticking, etc) without changing any behavior. and so i dont have to install a seperate dynamic lights feature. I've always known Optifine doesn't go along modded Minecraft. OCD is an unofficial fork of the popular "Oculus" shader pack, designed to work with later versions of Forge for Minecraft 1. Rubidium contains all the features of the classic Sodium. . ill paste the crash report below. Do not report issues encountered with it to their bug tracker or in their Discord. Place Optifine in the mods folder. Im getting over 200 fps without shaders on optifine, upwards to 700 on Magnesium without shaders. Click on "Open Resource Pack Folder". Rubidium is an Unofficial Fork of CaffeineMC's "Sodium", made to work with Forge Mod Loader. I forgot to record for the Sodium + Shaders in the overworldShaders used in this video: Complementary shadersBoth Sodium and OptiFine aim to improve Minecraf. A grass block with grass on the side. 8K views 1 year ago. rubidium does not work with. Its with shaders that it gets low on fps. Mod is not and never will be compatible with Optifine! Want to play with Shaders? Try Oculus! Features. ReyManagan. Magnesium Extras adds a lot of features to Magnesium or Rubidium (Forge Sodium) to improve the mod. . • 8 mo. Rubidium contains all the features of the classic Sodium. TangledZeus4825. ago. 12? Normally you can just put the optifine . I didn't know that! I figured it out, I just got iridium and oculus, the controller mod I mentioned is working now. Half of the mods I use are incompatible with Optifine because it’s close source. The only difference between these two styles is the default settings. 5) is an unofficial port of Sodium Mod, ported from Fabric to Forge. TexTrue's Rubidium Options - Nicer-looking video. OptiFine is a ubiquitous mod, and has been around for years. Iron Chests mod has chests for the various metals in vanilla minecraft with varying sizes! In 1. Steps To Install Visible Ores. CurseForge is one of the biggest mod repositories in the world, serving communities like Minecraft, WoW, The Sims 4, and more. It offers some performance benefits, shaders, dynamic lights, zoom, and about a million other things in one neat package. Works really well with mods like Sodium Extra,. I found Rubidium and Oculus which works wonders! The only problem is that when I am using Oculus I am REQUIRED to have some sort a shader on. 16. Do not report issues encountered with it to their bug tracker or in their Discord. This can make a huge difference to frame rates for most computers that are not bottle-necked by the. Aimjock. 2, whenever i click play I crash before i get to the menu. The subreddit for all things related to Modded Minecraft for Minecraft Java Edition --- This subreddit was originally created for discussion around the FTB launcher and its modpacks but has since grown to encompass all aspects of modding the Java edition of Minecraft. Disclaimer. It's feature rich and, historically, has improved performance. Client-side Mods can be generally defined as Mods that change the player-side part. Rubidium is an Unofficial Fork of CaffeineMC's "Sodium", made to work with Forge Mod Loader. Unofficial Fork of CaffeineMC's "Sodium", made to work with FMLOn Minecraft 1. These are paths that contain "Non (lower cased) a-z, 0-9, dots, underscores and dashes" characters within either the file name or its parent directories. 16. Skip ahead to 1. 14-1. 16. When comparing Iris and Starlight you can also consider the following projects: phosphor-fabric - A Fabric mod designed to dramatically improve the performance of Minecraft's lighting engine while fixing many bugs. Here is a basic rundown of what this mod does. Try Fabric with Sodium, Iris (you have to get both from Modrinth, they're not on CurseForge) and the Controlify mod. Embeddium. 9 even with optifine then. TexTrue's Rubidium Options. Rubidium contains all the features of the classic Sodium. ago. Minecraft. For the majority of players, it was a worthwhile option. . Mods Plugins Data Packs Shaders Resource Packs Modpacks. CurseForge is one of the biggest mod repositories in the world, serving communities like Minecraft, WoW, The Sims 4, and more. This is a subreddit for the discussion and creation of Minecraft mods, questions are also welcome. 5 modpack I made for myself, and I'm trying to use some low end shaders to enhance the way the world works a bit. Halogen (Sodium Reforged) is a simple mod that combines and ports the 3 Essential mods namely Sodium, Lithium, and Phosphor, that are originally made for Fabric. A modern OpenGL rendering pipeline for chunk rendering that takes advantage of multi-draw techniques, allowing for a significant reduction in CPU overhead (~90%) when rendering the world. lang. exe. 20: Insanity Shader. 2 servers and such. Optifine dropped into the mods. This mod is open source, and may be used in any modpacks. Embeddium is an unofficial fork of Sodium based off Rubidium, with additional changes and bugfixes to integrate it with the Forge modding ecosystem. Question Im making. STOP USING OPTIFINE GODDAMIT ! Tips. Not only that but the only shaders that will work. ---- Minecraft Crash Report ---- // But it works on my machine. It is monolithic. (They all either require optifine or are not compatible with sodium) ¯_¯_¯_¯_¯_¯_¯_¯_ Más Info ¯_¯_¯_¯_¯_¯_¯_¯_ =====( Vídeo de la MEJOR CONFIGURACIÓN DE MINECRAFT (OPTIFINE) )===== ️. Magnesium Extras adds a lot of features to Magnesium or Rubidium (Forge Sodium) to improve the mod. 5 modpack I made for myself, and I'm trying to use some low end shaders to enhance the way the world. CurseForge is one of the biggest mod repositories in the world, serving communities like Minecraft, WoW, The Sims 4, and more. However in recent years OptiFine's performance benefits have gotten smaller, and the mod now boasts list of bugs and drawbacks. MisterMine. I ported the mod to fabric so that I can update it during snapshots, and decided that publishing. 16. quatre185. On top of that, in recent versions (1. Frame rate is most often expressed in frames per second (FPS). . Backwards compatibility. . 16. OptiFine is a great mod for Minecraft 1. 5. 1, 1. 18. How to make optifine texture packs work with rubidium. OptiFine Home Downloads Donate Cape Banners Login FAQ: OptiFine is a Minecraft optimization. The subreddit for all things related to Modded Minecraft for Minecraft Java Edition --- This subreddit was originally created for discussion around the FTB launcher and its modpacks but has since grown to encompass all aspects of modding the Java edition of Minecraft. Available on Fabric and Forge for Minecraft 1. Unreal shaders. Features Better Performance. 2) is an unofficial fork of Sodium Mod, made to work with Minecraft Forge. Change settings in the video performance tab in settings to see what it could be. - Issues · Asek3/Rubidium. 17 does not meet its former glory. #minecraft #vulkanmod #subirfps Acerca de Vulkan Mod: Actualmente este mod sigue en alpha por lo que puede llegar a ser inestable y ser incompatible con otro. A modern OpenGL rendering pipeline for chunk rendering that takes advantage of multi-draw techniques, allowing for a significant reduction in CPU overhead (~90%) when rendering the world. • 2 yr. Oculus and Rubidium worse than optifine. (mainly using the rubidium mod instead of optifine, mod-list down blow. This can make a huge difference to frame rates for most computers that are not bottle-necked by the. Comparable to Steam Workshop or Nexus for mods for other games. Select the OptiFine installation. Some people prefer starlight to phosphor, but I haven't used it so can't comment. A modern OpenGL rendering pipeline for chunk rendering that takes advantage of multi-draw techniques, allowing for a significant reduction in CPU overhead (~90%) when rendering the world. (I was untold that Rubidium could fix any bugs involving the Wither Storm. ago. 5. Starlight x Create would be better, but it was removed from the. From lighting and shadows to the rendering of chunks, this mod efficiently changes how the game. Its first version, under the name Optifine, was released all the way back in Beta 1. Allowing full CEM support for various modded. 18. This is because I have Optiforge added and so the mod gets confused because Optifine isn't in the mods folder. 8 is also much better than newer versions performance-wise, so if you are not getting good fps in 1. OptiFabric OptiFine VS Sodium & Iris Shaders 1. 19.